Oilers/Plant Tenders (HHC) Civil Service Practice Exam

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Detergents in lubricating oils are mainly used to perform what function?

Enhance lubrication properties
Reduce wear and tear
Keep insoluble matter in suspension
Increase oil viscosity

The correct answer is: Keep insoluble matter in suspension

Detergents in lubricating oils primarily serve the function of keeping insoluble matter in suspension. This is crucial for maintaining the cleanliness of the engine or machinery where the oil is used. Contaminants, such as soot, dirt, and other debris, can accumulate during operation. If these particles are allowed to settle, they can cause damage to engine components by leading to increased wear, blockages, or reduced efficiency. The presence of detergents helps prevent this by suspending these impurities in the oil, allowing the filter to remove them effectively, thereby ensuring that the lubricating oil remains effective over time and helps maintain engine performance. Detergents also contribute to reducing oxidation, neutralizing acids, and improving the overall stability of the oil, but their primary role is in keeping contaminants in suspension. This function supports the longevity and reliability of the lubricating oil, ultimately contributing to the efficient operation of the machinery or engine.